WIPO中国：2026年世界知识产权日 | 探索体育业务中的知识产权
来源：WIPO中国
从足球到网球再到滑冰，在每一个体育领域，发明家和创造者都在幕后工作，以突破运动表现的界限，提升观赛体验，并让体育活动走进每个家庭。
From football to tennis to ice skating, in every sporting field, inventors and creators are working behind the scenes to push the boundaries of athletic performance, improve audience experience and bring sports events to every home.
知识产权——及其赋予的法律保护——是关键商业交易的基础，这些交易确保体育的经济价值并推动行业发展。得益于行业的稳定增长，体育组织可以为高知名度的体育赛事提供资金，并促进全世界的体育发展。体育行业也推动世界经济的发展，创造就业机会，发展公共基础设施。
IP rights – and the legal protection they give – are the basis for key business transactions that secure the economic value of sports and push the industry forward. Thanks to steady industry growth, sporting organizations can finance high-profile sports events and promote sports development worldwide. The sports industry also contributes to the world economy, creating jobs and developing public infrastructure.
体育业务中的知识产权
IP in the sports business
体育展现了实用的知识产权。专利鼓励技术进步，从而带来了更好的体育装备。商标、品牌和外观设计有助于形成赛事、团队及其装备的显著标志。与版权相关的权利为广播公司创造了必要的收入，使其能够投资于向全世界体育迷转播体育赛事这一成本高昂的工作。知识产权是许可和商品销售协议的基础，通过这些协议赚取收入以支持体育行业的发展。
Sports show intellectual property (IP) in action. Patents encourage technological advances that result in better sporting equipment. Trademarks, brands and designs contribute to the distinct identity of events, teams and their gear. Copyright-related rights generate the revenues needed for broadcasters to invest in the costly undertaking of broadcasting sports events to fans worldwide. IP rights are the basis of licensing and merchandising agreements that earn revenues to support the development of the sports industry.
图|Photo: David Peperkamp/GettyImages
以鞋为例，可以保护它的多种知识产权：
Take a sport shoe as example, Several IP rights may protect it:
专利：保护用来开发鞋子的技术Patents protect the technology
used to develop the shoe
外观设计：保护运动鞋的“外观”Designs protect the "look" of the shoe
商标：将这种运动鞋与类似产品区别开来并保护运动鞋（及其制作企业）的“声誉”
Trademarks distinguish the shoe from similar products and protect the "reputation" of the shoe (and the company making it)
版权：保护用于宣传运动鞋的任何艺术作品和音响作品
Copyright protects any artwork and audiovisual creations used to publicize the shoe
体育专利
Sports Patents
从运动鞋到泳衣，从网球拍到足球，体育技术专家们运用其智慧、创造力和专业知识，开发更优质、更安全的装备，以追求卓越的运动表现。为保护体育发明，制造商可申请专利。
From the sports shoe to the swimsuit and the tennis racket to the football, sports technologists have applied their ingenuity, creativity and expertise to develop better and safer equipment in the quest for sporting excellence. In order to protect sports inventions, manufacturers can file a patent.
与其他知识产权类似，专利具有地域性——仅在其授予的国家或地区具有法律效力。因此，在多国寻求专利保护往往耗时且成本高昂。产权组织的《专利合作条约》（PCT）使发明人能够通过提交一件“国际”申请，启动在多国获得专利保护的流程。
Like other IP rights, patents are territorial – they have legal effect only in the country or region in which they are granted. Seeking patent protection in multiple countries can, therefore, be time-consuming and expensive. WIPO's Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) enables inventors to file a single "international" application to set in motion the process of obtaining patent protection in multiple countries.
图| Photo: WO2019071226
体育商标
Sports Trademarks
品牌对创造商业价值至关重要，体育产业也不例外。强大的体育品牌能够赢得客户忠诚度并获得溢价，构成推动公司收入和增长的宝贵资产。它们是许多体育商业交易的核心，尤其是赞助协议和商品销售。而商标则是品牌建设的核心。
Brands are critical for creating business value, and the sports business is no exception. Strong sports brands command customer loyalty and premium prices, constituting valuable assets that drive company revenue and growth. They are central to many sports business transactions, especially sponsorship deals and product merchandising. And at the heart of branding lie trademarks.
商标通过在国家商标注册簿登记而受到保护。注册后只要持续使用，其保护期限就可能是无限期的。产权组织的国际商标注册体系，即马德里体系，使体育商标持有人能够通过提交一次申请在多国完成注册，并通过单一程序维持及续展这些商标。
Trademarks are protected by entry on a national trademark register. Once registered, they are potentially unlimited in time as long as they are used. WIPO's international trademark registration system, known as the Madrid System, enables sport trademark holders to file a single application for registration in multiple countries, and to maintain and renew those marks through a single procedure.
图|Photo: DDurrich/Getty Images
体育中的外观设计
Designs in Sports
外观设计在体育界拥有深远的影响力。只要涉及形象和美学，也会涉及到外观设计，只要有新材料出现，美学或外观设计很快也会出现。
The influence of design in the world of sport is far-reaching. Where image and aesthetics are involved, so too is design, and where new materials emerge, aesthetics or design soon follow.
在多数国家，工业品外观设计必须完成注册才能获得法律保护。但保护效力仅限于注册所在国。产权组织的海牙体系为体育产品外观设计在多个国家获得保护提供便捷且经济高效的方法。
In most countries, an industrial design must be registered in order to be protected under industrial design law.However, protection is given only in the country where the design is registered. WIPO's Hague System provides an easy and cost-effective way to obtain protection for sports product designs in multiple countries.
图|Photo: vladwel/Getty Images
体育中的版权和广播权
Copyright and Broadcasting Rights in Sports
版权及相关权，特别是与广播组织有关的权利，是体育与电视及其他媒体之间关系的基础。
Copyright and related rights, particularly those relating to broadcasting organizations, underpin the relationship between sports and television and other media.
图|Photo: grinvalds/Getty Images
体育中的许可证持有者和赞助
Sports Sponsorships
通过获取知识产权并对其进行战略性的使用，体育组织和其他权利人可以保护并提升其创收潜力。
By acquiring IP rights and using them strategically, sports organizations and other rights owners can protect and increase their income-generating potential.
寻求推广品牌、建立声誉并深化客户关系的企业，常会与体育组织合作或与体育赛事建立紧密联系。体育赞助能为品牌带来巨大曝光度——全球数百万关注体育赛事的粉丝和观众，会数百次看到相关品牌。
Companies seeking to promote their brand, build their reputation and develop deeper customer relationships often team up with a sporting organization or associate themselves closely with a sporting event. Sports sponsorship offers them massive exposure as the millions of fans and viewers who tune into sports events across the globe see the brands in question many hundreds of times.
图|Photo: Joeydanuphol/iStock Editorial/Getty Images Plus
体育中的知识产权与争议解决
IP and Dispute Resolution in Sports
作为WIPO特定行业ADR服务的一部分，WIPO仲裁与调解中心提供替代性争议解决（ADR）指导和案件管理服务，帮助各方解决知识产权和体育领域产生的争议，无需法院诉讼。
As part of the WIPO ADR Services for Specific Sectors, the WIPO Arbitration and Mediation Center provides alternative dispute resolution (ADR) guidance and case administration services to help parties resolve disputes arising in the area of IP and sports, without the need for court litigation.
涉及广泛的体育领域，体育领域的争议常涉及极具价值的商标、工业设计、版权及相关权利以及专利技术。此类争议涉及体育转播和媒体、重大体育赛事的许可和商品权，以及对运动员形象权的商业利用等。
Touching upon a wide range of sports, disputes in the sports arena often relate to highly valuable trademarks, industrial designs, copyright and related rights, and patented technologies. Such disputes relate, for example, to sports broadcasting and media, licensing and merchandising rights for major sports events, and commercial exploitation of the image rights of athletes, among others.
图|Photo: BrianAJackson/Getty Images Plus
欢迎阅读WIPO出版物
Further Reading: WIPO Publications
通过知识产权支持体育及其发展的参考指南
Reference Guide to Sustaining Sport and its Development through Intellectual Property Rights
扫描二维码，获取指南全文，深入了解知识产权如何赋能体育发展：
Scan the QR code to access the full guide and gain deeper insights into how intellectual property empowers the development of sport:
